Twenty20

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Twenty20 is a form of cricket, originally introduced in the United Kingdom for professional inter-county competition by the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB), in 2003. Both teams have a single innings and bat for a maximum of 20 overs.

A Twenty20 game is completed in about three hours, with each innings lasting around 75 minutes, thus bringing the game closer to the timespan of other popular team sports such as football. It was introduced to create a lively form of the game which would be attractive to spectators at the ground and viewers on television and as such it has been very successful. The ECB did not intend that Twenty20 would replace other forms of cricket and these have continued alongside it.

The game has spread around the cricket world. On most international tours there is a Twenty20 match and most Test-playing nations have a domestic cup competition. The inaugural ICC World Twenty20 was played in South Africa in 2007 with India defeating Pakistan in the final.

Contents

Playing Conditions

The Laws of cricket apply to Twenty20 with some exceptions:

  • Each bowler may bowl a maximum of only one-fifth of the total (generally 4, for a full, uninterrupted game) overs per innings.
  • Umpires may award 5-run penalty runs at their discretion if they believe either team is wasting time.
  • If the fielding team doesn't start to bowl their 20th over within 75 minutes, the batting side is credited an extra 6 runs for every whole over bowled after the 75 minute mark; the umpire may add more time to this, if he considers the batting team is wasting time.
  • The following fielding restrictions apply:
    • No more than five fielders can be on the leg side at any time.
    • During the first 6 overs, a maximum of two fielders can be outside the 30-yard circle.
    • After the first 6 overs, a maximum of five fielders can be outside the fielding circle.
  • If the match ends with the scores tied and there must be a winner, the tie is broken with a bowl-out (similar to a penalty shoot-out in football), with five bowlers from each side delivering 1 ball each at an unguarded wicket. If the number of wickets is equal after the first five balls per side, the bowling continues and is decided by sudden death.
  • Should a bowler deliver a no ball by overstepping the popping crease, it costs 1 runs and his next delivery is designated a free-hit, from which the batsman can only be dismissed through a run out, for hitting the ball twice, obstructing the field or handling the ball, as is the case for the original "no ball".

Impact

On July 15 2004, Middlesex vs. Surrey (the first Twenty20 game to be held at Lord's) attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any county cricket game other than a one-day final since 1953.

On January 12 2005, Australia's first Twenty20 game was played at the WACA ground between the Western Warriors and the Victorian Bushrangers. It drew a sellout crowd of 20,700.

On February 17 2005, Australia defeated New Zealand in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at Eden Park in Auckland. The game was played in a light-hearted manner - both sides turned out in kit similar to that worn in the 1980s, the New Zealand team's a direct copy of that worn by the Beige Brigade. Some of the players also sported moustaches/beards and hair styles popular in the 1980s taking part in a competition amongst themselves for best retro look, at the request of the Beige Brigade. Australia won the game comprehensively, and as the result became obvious towards the end of the NZ innings, the players and umpires took things less seriously - Glenn McGrath jokingly replayed the Trevor Chappell underarm incident from a 1981 ODI between the two sides, and Billy Bowden showed him a mock red card (red cards are not normally used in cricket) in response.

The first Twenty20 international in England was played between England and Australia at the Rose Bowl in Hampshire on the 13th June 2005, which England won by a record margin of 100 runs. On January 9 2006, Australia and South Africa met in the first international Twenty20 game in Australia. In a first, each player's nickname appeared on the back of his uniform, rather than his surname. The international match drew a crowd of 38,894 people at the The Gabba. Australia convincingly won the match with man of the match Damien Martyn scoring 96 runs.

On February 16 2006, New Zealand defeated West Indies in a tie-breaking bowl-out 3-0; 126 runs were scored apiece in the game proper. The game was the last international match played by Chris Cairns - NZC handed out life-size cardboard masks of his face to patrons as they entered the ground.

Starting July 11 2006, 19 West Indies regional teams competed in what was named the Stanford 20/20 tournament. The event has been financially backed by billionaire Allen Stanford, who gave at least US$28,000,000 funding money. West Indies legends also backed the programme, and several "looked after" the teams during their stay in and around the purpose built ground in Antigua. It is intended that the tournament will be an annual event. Guyana won the inaugural event, defeating Trinidad and Tobago by 5 wickets.[1] The top prize for the winning team was US$1,000,000, but other prizes were given throughout the tournament, such as play of the match (US$10,000) and man of the match (US$25,000).[2]

On January 5 2007, Queensland Bulls played the New South Wales Blues at The Gabba, Brisbane. A crowd of 11,000 was expected based on pre-match ticket sales. However, an unexpected 16,000 turned up on the day to buy tickets, causing disruption and confusion for surprised Gabba staff as they were forced to throw open gates and grant many fans free entry. Attendance reached 27,653.[3][4]

For February 1 2008's Twenty20 match between Australia and India, the Melbourne Cricket Ground was sold out based on pre-ticket sales and 84,041[1] people attended the match involving the Twenty20 World Champions against the ODI World Champions.

International

Template:Main Twenty20 International has been played since 2005. To date 12 countries have played the format, including all Test playing nations.

Every two years a ICC World Twenty20 tournament is to take place, the first was during 2007 in South Africa where India defeated Pakistan in the final.

The following teams have played a Twenty20 International, the date of their debut is shown in brackets:

  1. Australia (17th February, 2005)
  2. New Zealand (17th February, 2005)
  3. England (13th June, 2005)
  4. South Africa (21st October, 2005)
  5. West Indies (16th February, 2006)
  6. Sri Lanka (15th June, 2006)
  7. Pakistan (28th August, 2006)
  8. Bangladesh (28th November, 2006)
  9. Zimbabwe (28th November, 2006)
  10. India (1st December, 2006)
  11. Kenya (1st September, 2007)
  12. Scotland (12th September, 2007)

Domestic

England (Twenty20 Cup)

Pakistan (Twenty20 Cup)

South Africa (Pro20 Series)

Sri Lanka (Twenty20 Cup)

Australia (KFC Twenty20 Big Bash)

New Zealand State Twenty20 Cricket Tournament

West Indies (Stanford 20/20)

India (Twenty20 Ranji Trophy/ Indian Cricket League/ Indian Premier League)

Kenya Twenty20 Cricket Tournament

Champions Twenty20 League

On September 13 the Board of Control for Cricket in India announced it would host a Champions Twenty20 Cricket tournament in April 2008. The tournament would consist of the top 2 domestic Twenty20 sides from India, England, Australia and South Africa. The prize fund would be £2.5 Million with £1 million for the winning team.

Statistics and rankings

With Twenty20 still in its infancy, statistics are of limited interest. There is an unofficial ranking of all domestic teams around the world, known as the Bartercard Power Rankings. The ratings are said to be based on factors including runs scored, totals chased the loss of wickets and margins of victory, though no details of the calculations are in the public domain. The whole area of statistics and rankings is likely to move forward rapidly with the increased exposure expected from the World Championship in September 2007.

Another set of rankings available is one released by the popular cricket website www.holdingwilley.com. While these rankings aren't official either, they rate the performances of both, International Twenty20 teams and players. For the players, there are two sets of rankings, one based on their performances in domestic Twenty20 cricket, and the other based on their performances in the international circuit. Although, again, no details are available, the ranking pages provide a guide to how the teams and players are evaluated and the parameters involved. These broadly include strike rate, average and frequency of 50+ innings for the batsmen, and economy rate, average and number of wickets taken for the bowlers, each factor assigned weightages according to their importance in the 20 over format.

A key factor these rankings involve is the value added by the player to his team's overall performance, which is done by relating his individual stats in a parameter to his team's stats in the corresponding parameter.

Forms of cricket
International Test cricket | One Day International | Twenty20 International | Hong Kong International Cricket Sixes | Women's cricket
Other Major cricket | First-class cricket | Limited overs cricket | Twenty20 | Single Wicket | Club cricket
Variations Indoor cricket | French cricket | Backyard cricket | Kwik cricket | Catchy Shubby Cricket | Blind cricket | Kilikiti | Short form cricket | Gilli-danda
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